CIA Report: German Scientist's Article on 'Flying Discs'

SOURCE

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alien INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT NO, SQ d5-27123

* COUNTRY  Chiloe/Germany OATE DISTR, = 31 July 1950

- SUBJECT Cermon Scientist's Article on "Flying Disco® . NO. OF PAGES 1
PLACE Ee SPY NO. OF ENCLS._ ig

DATE OF SUPPLEMENT pet
INFO. Frior to nid=1950 REPORT NO. 10 : —— ~

® Documentary —— ces wees sone
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION =

Attached for your_ infornation is-a-copy, in translation, 0 of-an art: arth an
subnitted oy 2 yia-for publication in Condor, a German” lanzusco- _
magazine published. in Chilo. she ‘erticlo is entitled "The wetery © of tho

Flying Dises »' a contribution-to its possible explanation", - - _

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DATE OF SUPPLEMENT TO

INFO. Frior to nid-1950 REPORT NO.

® Documentary.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION -

Attached for your information is a copy, in translation, of-an ‘artiglo=——
gsubnitted by 2 : yi7 for publication in Condor, a Cerfian lancusce
magazine published -in-Chile.—_‘she- erticlo -is entitled "Tho every of tho
Flying Dises," a contribution to_its possible explanation™,=.2:-..:: kos

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGLICY §0 DB=27143
Attachment 1
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Tie HYSTERY OF THE "FLYING Discs"

A contribution to its possible oxplamtion,

By Dr, Uduard Ludvig, Santiago, Chile.
Av. Cristobal Colon 1916

Though the continuously reappearing reports on the appoarance of nev,

mysterious aircraft of unknoun constriction chould be considerod with sovere =
skepticien as the rosult of a sort of mass-hypnosis, nevertheless some of the
Gotsiled and coinciding accounts of technically trained observers dessrve atten

tion end permit one to drav. conelusion® as ag to the ‘probable classification of ©

these nev aircraft. .

oe Since po far the observations have been made mainly in the dark, vhieb. —-.. -
oo. oe = pans that only the luminous_parte of the croft are visible, every report brings ~
the description of shining discs or circles, If one should discard the absurd -
conjecture that these aircraft originate from beyond this earth, then it is easy
to srrive at the conclusion that the shining clrelos bear a relation to the-er-
s haust of a rotary gas=turbing._The— possibility exists that the rotor of a tur
bino is used at the same time_as.a stabilizing top and is therefore fixed ©
vertically to the level of the other turbine. rings » Which in the darimoss pro= Set
duces the effect of the "rings of Saturna",

Y “sp

’
ue

These observations renind mo of a completely new type of aircraft vhich wes
developed during the years I worled in the research plant of Professor Junkers...
in Dessau, which vas attached to the airplane factories known all-over the world. = __
I do not mow how nany of my co-yorkers are still alive today, but I do know that.

Dr. Bock, Professor at the Technical High School of Berlin, and vho was at that
timo ny chief and friend of many years, has been deported to the Soviet Union,

The nam of Professor Bock vas never widely know due to his modest character, . _.
but he my have boen the greatest genius of German airplane theoretics, and later, ;
in view of hie extraordinary faculties, he was named head constructor of the Hinistry
of Gernen Airways and Director of the. Geran Tastitute. of Airvays Reecearch in —
EBerlin-Adlershof.

In order to explain to_a wider circle of readera_the basic idea of the nev aim
craft, I should like to. submit firgt the following explanations:
(alas he bethaerelaled acs pbapeecct =
‘| The first [physiciay and mathematician who coneidered the nev Science of Aero-
dynamics after the commencement of purely exporinental developments of aircraft

construction wag the Russian Professor Jukoveki of Moscow. Before the first World
War and together with my esteemed teacher, Dr. Kutta fron the Technical Hish School
of Stuttgart, Cermny, he developed the theory of airplane-vingbean.. Professor
Kutta succesded in establishing the fanous "Differential equation of tho/boundary
nether bs stratunt wiich for the first time throws light on the processes In current particles
APN and witch in any caso oxplains for tho first tino theoretically tho reason vhy a
planevinz oan tear a load vhile noving forward through the air, Since then the. -
"Kutte-Jukoveki Thoory of Airplane-vingboam" has been the foundation of all aeroe
dynanios. -As already mentioned, tho core of this work is the so-called "boundary
ryerdmereasan”, which consists of tho thin layer of air in wirich the transition of
Velocity Zoro to tho Volocity of the loving Object takes place. If. the object is
streamlined then tha boundary stratum will endoavor not to sever, no whirlvinds will
occur, and thorefore no loss of energy will take place in that stratum, Since
nature alvays functions most economically, it always tries to avoid loss of energy, = -

a oe . ee i, i ee oo . a se we ae . ee ae, | ear © ea, a . sae

s .

Though the continuously reappearing reports on the appearance of new,
mysterious aircraft of unlmoun construction should be considered with severe
skepticisn as the result of a sort of mass-hypnosis, nevertheless somo of the
detailed and coinciding accounts of technically trained observers dessrve atten-
tion snd permit one to drav conclusion® ag to tho promble classification of
these nev aircraft.

Since 90 far the observations have been nade mainly in the dark, vhicb
mans that only the luminous parts of the craft are visible, every report brings
the description of shining discs or circles. If ons should discerd the absurd ~

__ conjecture that these aircraft originate from beyond this earth, then it is easy
. > to arrive at the conclusion that the shining circles bear a relation to the-exe >> >>

havst of a rotary sas-turbine. The possibility oxists that the rotor of a tum
‘bine ie used at the same tine as a stabilizing top and is therefore fixed
vertically. to the Yevel of the other turbine rings, wi vaich in the darimoss prow

_ _.._____ duces the effect of the "rings of Saturna", —

Newer

uate
as S4

‘These observations renind mo of a completely new typo of aircraft vhich was
developed during the years I worked in the resoarch plant of Professor Junkera
in Dessau, which was attached to the airplane factories known all over the wrld.
I do not kmow how many of my co-vorkere are still alive today, but I do know that .
Dr. Bock, Frofessor at the Technical High School of Berlin, and who was at that sss.
tins ny chief and friend of many years, has been deported to the Soviet Union.

The name of Professor Bock was never-widely known due to his modest character, .
but he my have been the greatest genius of German airplane thooretics, and later,
in view of hie extraordinary faculties, he was nanod head constructor.of the linietry—
of Gersan Airvays and Direotor_of_the_ Gernan. Anstitute- of Airways Research in-

BerlineAdlershof,

In order to oxplein to a wider circle of readers the basic idea of the now air _

craft, I should like to submit firgt tne following explanations: Se. .

phetdd he Maans lad acl lati hint = ° a —__
The first [physician and mathematician who considered the new Science of Aero=

dynamics after the conmencenont_of purely experinental developments of aircraft

construction vag the Russian Professor Jukovski of Moscow, Before the Nrst World

War and together with my esteened teacher, Dr. Kutta from the Technical Hish School

of Stuttgart, Germany, he cevoloped the theory of airplane-wingbean.. Professor ;

Kutta succeeded in establishing the fanous "Differential equation of tho/boundary

stratun} which for-the firat tine throws Licht on the processes in current particles

and which in any case explains for tho first tino theoretically the reason why a

planeving oan boar a load vhile moving forward through the-air, Since then the

"Kutte-Jukouski Theory of Airplane-vingboam" has been the foundation of all aero=—

dynenios, As already mantioned, the core of this work is. the so-called "boundary

nerd -etran", whioh consists of the thin layer of air in wirich the transition of

Lo

Velocity Zero to the Velocity of ths loving Object takes place. If the object is ;
streanlined then the boundary stratum vill endoavor not to sever, no vhirlvinds will
occur, and thorefore no loss of onergy will take place in that stratum, Since ;
nature always functions most economically, it always tries to avoid loss of energy, -
and therefore 4 planewing would rathor boar weight than cause a disruption of tha  ...__
course of the current and let ths wing drop. i

The logical conolusions based on these thooretio discoveries wore obvious: .°
alresdy in the yoar 1915 Professor H. C, Bauman, also from the Technical High School
of Stuttgart, received a patent on the "Splitwing" through which the artifioial

interruption of-the course of the current, the tearing of the boundary stratw ani
the consoquent hruking and diminishing of the lending speed would be attained. This

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CENTRAL INTELLIGCUCE AGENCY £0 DB-27143
Attachnent 1
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procedure was later applied to a creat extent to the fighter plano luster Ju. 95 ©
under tho nam of "dive-- ", This patent had to %o handed to the Mnglish
factory Nandley-Face after World War I, which explains that the nane of "Hendley-
Page Splitwing" is more widely knovn.

Hovever, developcents proceeded. It was principally the Aerodynanic Ex~ |
_ferimental Institute of the Gottingen University, directad by the renovned
Professors Frandtl and Betz, and Constructor Flettnor, wiich drew its conclusions
fron the theory of tho airplano-wing-boan. Flettner proved that the conditions ..

of a rotating object are similar to those which appear jn a "translatorischen" oan

--—-— movement. Thus evolved the "FlettznermRotor",

Professor Junkers, head of the.vell known airplane works in Dessau, who in-- —-|--

__ the year 1915 recaived his pathbrealdng patent on the one-piece metal wing without -
junctures, orderod a resoarch group, which vas headod by Professor Dr. Bock, and
to which I had ths honor to belong, to investigate to what extent the uplift of a
wing could bo increased through tho attachtent of a Flettner-Rotor in the shape of —
a cylinder turning at great speed. The cylinder was two-thirds of the length of ~~:
the wing and vas installed in the nose of the wing, where it could best be adapted

to the ving's profile, To assist us with aoredynanic problems, the Gottingen ~~

University cent us Professor Prandtl, The-exporinents turned out tw be extrenely
difficult and involved many_casualties. Tho purely technical question of the ~

epoedy uplift of a long cylinder: of-lisht construction could not ba colved at that _ _ i

time. Inexplicable vibrations and axle breakages occurred tine after tine which
Professor Junkers ordered us to investigate, and with which ve wore vecinied for aontha
Not less than four ren, all experienced and tried pilots of the first Vorld var and
outstanding engineers, died in-these-experinents. It was clear to us that only a

gaseturbine could produce the direct uplift of the_ cylinder. Hovever, since means ~
while more pressing problens_avaited. solution, » ‘experinont bs.with this type of air...

craft were interrupted.

ihanvnile the Aerodynanic Experimental Institute of Gottingen made nev and 9”
enlightening discoveries. Frofessor Betz found that supersonic speeds, such as
are produced by quickly-rotating propellers, created entirely new conditions, .__.
This investigation, hovever, nooded-tho furnishing of-a-wind tunnol for supersonic
speeds which could only be tuilt rany years later, and which after tho war wa

forvarded to the United States vierc. Ait_greatly amazed ail scientists,

How light was shed on many things, It was found that the tearing of the
boundary stratim at supersonic speeds. involved much greater resis stance, oo that
an odject with full atoosphoric pressure practically "hangs® from the upper layer
of air, and theoretically experiences there the sano uplift as an object of the
sane surfaco in the water, The converting of tho revelations found in research
into reality, however, needed the solution of the starting force throuch a pas-
turbine or another equivalent mehine or instrument,

jar

Many heretofore wexplained phenomena nov foy Jet uation, For exanple
it had often boon observed that tho rango of ouftkly rotating nissiles (*Drall=" -
wirlamg") was much greater than could te explained according to the lavs of —
ballistics. Paradoxical explanations were sought for thie euch as that the air
resistance decreases with groving spoeds, Today we know that these quickly rotating
nissiles "swim" in the surrounding Jayers of air ond therefore lose part of their ~
wight. Full glarification was brought about only with supersonic spoeds, which
-were obtained in the experiments with roclots (V-2) &nd wore arrived at by flights
of rany nmdreds and thousands of kilonsters, and which can only bo explained by
the way in which theee missiles literally "hang" in the air. The surprise of tho
epocialired solentists the world over at the astounding results of the Cernran V-2
was not less than that which is produced today by. the appearance of the mysterious

~ Not lees than four ren, all experienced and tried pilots of the first World var and

_ gas-turbine.could produce the direct uplift of the cylinder. Hovever, since maan=
_ while more pressing problens avaited solution, experiments with this type of air.

fron the theory of tho airplane-ving-boan.- Flettner proved that the conditions ,
of a rotating object are sinilar to those which appear ina "translatorischen" i
movement. Thus evolved the "Flettner-Rotor",

Professor Junkers, head of the well knoun airplane works in Dessau, who in
the year 1915 recsived his pathbrealdng patent on the one-piece metal wing without
junctures, orderod a research group, which was headed by Professor Dr. Bock, end
to which I had tho honor to belong, to investigate to what extent the uplift of a
wing could be increased through the attachment of a Flettner-Rotor in the shape of
a cylinder turning at great speed. The cylinder was two-thirds of the length of
the wing and was installed in the nose of the wing, where it could best be adapted
to the wing's profile. To assict us with aorodynanic problems, the Cottingen
University cent us Professor Prandtl, The experinmenta turned out to be extrenely
difficult and involved many casualties, The purely technical question of the
 epoedy uplift of a long cylinder of light construction could not be solved at that
tins. Inexplicable vibrations and axle breakages occurred tine after tins which
Professor Junkers ordered us_to investigate, and with which we were vecwmied for wntha -

outstanding engineers, died in these experinents. It was clear to us that only a-

craft were interrupted.

ibanvhile the Ajerodynanic Experimental Institute of Gottingen made nev and
enlightening discovaries. Professor Betz found that supersonic “speeds, such as. == =
are produceé by quickly rotating propellers, created entiroly new conditions, ~~.
this investigation, however, needed the furnishing of a wind tunnol for supersonic
speeds vhioh could only be built many years_later, and wiich after the war was :
forvarded to the United States wierd it. ‘greatly anazed ail scientists,

How light wis shed-on many things, It was found that the tearing of the
boundary stratum at supersonic speeds involved much greater resistance, so that
an object with full atcoosphoric pressure practically "hangs" fron the uppor layer
of air, and thooretically experiences there the sano uplift as an object of the
sare surface in the water. The converting of the revolations found in research —
into reality, however; needed_the solution of the starting force through a cas
tivbine or another equivalent mochine or instrument, :

Many horetofore unexplained phenomena nov fopr Det iloations For example --- -f--
it had often been observed that the range of ouitkly rotating missiles ("Dralle- ss |:
wirlung") was much greater than could te explained according to the lavs of
ballistics. Paradoxiesl exp explanations 1 wore soucht for this euch as that the sir
resistance decreaces with groving cpeeds. Today we_know that .these quickly rotating
missiles "swim" in the surrounding layers of air and therefore lose part of their
‘weight. Pull olarification was brought about only with supersonic speeds, which — ‘
were obtainod in the experiments with rockets (V-2) ind wore arrived at by flights >
of many hundreds and thousands of kilometers, and which can only be explained by :
the way in which these missiles literally -"hang"-in the air. Tho surprise of the
spocialired sofontists the vorld over at the astounding results of the Cercan V-2 ;
was not less than that which is produced today by the appearance of tho mysterious ~~

"Flying Disos".

In the sang way in which the ingenious discornoont of Professor Junkers . f
pointed the vay for airplane oonstruction for the vhole world, thus also may his -.. —.
idea of attaching Flettner Rotors have a revolutionary. effect. Airplanes of this
type rust havo puch an enormous carrying capacity as to be practically comparable |
to amphibious planes of the same aizo. The lack of uplift produced by the Flattner ~~ |
Rotors can easily bo achieved through the oblique position of the entire alrplam_.

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with a positive starting angle in connoction with the emernously high starting >
apood, Tho attaching of spoodily rotating tops essres. side stability. There
4s olso the possibility of attaching horizontal auxiliary propellers of the -
ths question of the starting force? The safety

of such an aircraft stands and falls on tho starting forve of the cylinders, and

_ only..too voll do I remenber the cestaltics inflicted by the lack of it. As I---

mentioned before, only the development of a pas-turbine can bring the solution, - -_.
since it consists only of rotating parte and works with tho dependability of a
stean engine. ©

There 1s only one more question to be answered: could cuch en aircraft
carry enough fuel for world-vide-journoys? This quostion is easily answored-in a
the affirmative, In the first plate evth an aircraft has a trenendous carrying
capacity, as ve hive already eeenj and in the second place chemical research has
made astounding developments in-this respect. We lmov today=-quitea fron
atonic enorgy—oarriers of energy of unsuspected power and duration. — It should te
renenbdered that the nissiles of Corman anti-tank weapons were coated with chonical
suostances which nelted_up to 20 ontg, of steel plates within fractions of ao
cecond. Jonergy carriers of this type, if applicable to & gas-turbine, should makes
an a@vion-radius possible wirich far surpasses that of gasoline engincs. “=

The future vill shou whether tho "Flying Discs" are only the prodwts of | —
imagination or whether they are the resulte of “a fareadvanced Gorman séience which, _
possibly, ae well as the pearly finiehed atomic bonbs, may_have fallen into the
hands of the Russians.

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ONLY GOO WOLL GD 2 Peweover wie couusavavo sass mew wy wee See me oer
nentioned before, only the development of a gas-turbine can bring the solution,
sinea it conaists only of rotating parts and vorks vith tho dependability of a
steam engine,

There is only ora nore-question to be anevered: could such en afreraft
carry enough fuel for world-vide journeys? This question is easily answered in
the affirmative. In the first plate fh
capacity, as we have already. seen} ard in tho second place chenical reseerch has

- made astounding developments in this respect, “e Imov today~~quite aa fron

atonic energy—-carriers of energy of unsuspected power and duration. It should te
ronenbered that the niesiles of Gorman anti-tank weapons were coated with chenical
suostances which melted up to 20 omits. of steel plates within fractions of a

| eccond. Jonergy carriers of this type, if applicable to 4 gas~turbine, should mky-

an a@Gion-radius possible which far surpasses that of gasoline engines,

The future vill shou whether the "Flying Discs" are only the products of
{nagination or vhether thoy are the rosulte of a farandvanced Gorman science which,
possibly, as well ae the nearly fintebed atomic bonbe, may have fallen into the -
hands of the Russians, oe . ;

a

an aircraft has a tren2ndous carrying